Trumps Tax Reform Plan - Free Essay Example

Since 2016s electoral campaign, Donald Trump has proclaimed his plan of reducing taxes for both individuals and businesses. According to taxfoundation.org, the new tax reform would Increases the standard deduction to $12,000 for single filers, $18,000 for heads of household, and $24,000 for joint filers in 2018 (compared to $6,500, $9,550, and $13,000 respectively under current law) and lower most individual income tax rates, including the top marginal rate from 39.6 percent to 37 percent and retain the current seven bracket structure, but bracket widths are modified (taxfoundation.org, 2017). With that being said lowering the marginal rate would help the economy and raise more tax revenue as the economy grows faster. Trump is an advocate for economic growth and believes to do so, one of the key factors is lowering marginal rates. In support of lowering marginal rates, Economist Daniel Mitchell, explains when marginal tax rates rise, the price of working, saving, investing, and risk- taking rises as well (Mitchell, Daniel 2001). Ultimately individuals wont take the opportunity to receive more income and take another job due to the fact most of their money is going to the government. On the other hand, many economists are not in support of Trumps GOP tax plan. Most believe the Republicans tax plan would actually do the opposite and increase Americas debt. An article from the Washington post explained how Thirty-seven of 38 experts surveyed by the University of Chicagos Initiative on Global Markets agreed that the GOP tax bills in congress would cause U.S. debt to increase substantially faster than the economy (Stain, Jeff 2017). From the Tax Policy Center, 91 percent of middle-income Americans will receive a tax cut, shouldnt that be a good thing? Bernie Sanders told the Washington Post, Yes, it is a very good thing, and thats why we should have mad tax breaks for the middle class permanent. But what the Republicans did is made the tax breaks for corporations permanent, the tax breaks for the middle class temporary (Weigal, David 2017). Its very controversial due to the fact this tax reform was supposed to help the middle- class permanently, not just temporarily. Trumps tax reform was planned to benefit everyone. I agree that lowering the taxes gives people more incentive to work, invest, save, or even start their own business. Its supposed to be helping the economy. With that being said I dont agree with how those tax cuts are temporary. It just doesnt make sense for it not to be permanent. Furthermore, reducing individual income tax will relieve the tax burden on families. Ultimately the views on Trumps tax plan are mixed. Republicans are definitely in favor while the Democrats and nearly all of the top economist arent. Being a middle- class young adult and having part time jobs, taxes play a big part in life. The more I work, the more of the hard money Ive earned goes to the government. However, Trump is leading to the right direction, the fingers are finally pointing at working- class individuals and families. Its providing some relief to workers who are struggling with living expenses, especially where rental costs are up the roof. Unlike the tax cuts for American individuals, starting in 2018 Trumps tax reform will lower corporate income tax rate permanently to 21 percent. According to Winegarden, the tax deduction is meant to provide a break on a portion of a businesss income that results from capital income. Capital income stems from assets that accrue value over time and should receive a tax break, according to lawmakers, while labor income is income generated from workers and should be left out (DAngelo, Matt 2018). Also, corporations would no longer have to pay taxes on money they claimed to receive in foreign countries. Therefore, the lower tax rate will allow corporations to raise wages, increase jobs, and invest more in the United States, ultimately furthering the growth economically. Bottom line Trumps tax reform cuts are planning for small business owners to reinvest back into their own business. Although there are many controversial topics in Trumps tax plan, his plan with corporations and businesses is well supported by many Republicans and eventually hauling over some Democrats. According to the taxfoundation.org, from their growth model, the tax cuts and jobs act would increase the long-run size of the U.S. economy by 1.7 percent. The larger economy would result in 1.5 percent higher wages and a 4.8 percent larger capital stock (taxfoundation.org, 2017). Many corporations believe with this new reform, not only business will grow but also the economy. The plan would also result in hundreds of thousands of jobs with better wages. With that being said and the bill almost at finalization, its not what many Americans expected it to be. Heather long from the Washington Post stated,  ¦cutting the corporate tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent and allowing companies to write them off more of the costs of their capital spending would unleash a frenzy of business spending ¦ ( Long, Heather 2018). So far, nothing like that has happened and from surveys from business leaders dont believe its going to pick up. Although its still the beginning and business owners are not willing to make these big of decisions without a lot of thought. Trumps proposal on lowering corporate income tax rate permanently to 21 percent is definitely a plus for small and big business owners. Allowing corporations to not pay taxes on money they claimed to receive abroad will give them more of a cushion space for other expenses. Lowering the tax rate will let them to give out higher wages and more job opportunities for Americans. Therefore, the United States economy will grow even more. And that is the main goal, to get out of debt. The bill had just passed so itll take some time for us to see improvements, theres a lot of criticism circulating but we cant really tell until a few years from now. Donald Trumps tax reform plan was designed to reduce taxes for both individuals and businesses. To sum it up, his plan only favors middle- class tax payers on a short-term level but not on a long term while wealthy individuals and business owners permanently get a tax cut. For corporations, better incentives will encourage hiring and pay raises and furthermore the stock market will definitely see a boost. But for the rest of Americans, it doesnt benefit them in the long run. Itll give a huge tax cut to the wealthy while screwing over the middle class. Also, itll cut millions of dollars from Medicaid. In conclusion, everyone who isnt wealthy, there taxes go up, while everyone who is wealthy get richer and the tax revenue would decrease. Work Cited DAngelo, Matt. How the New Tax Law Impacts Small Business. Business News Daily, 25 Apr. 2018, www.businessnewsdaily.com/10357-small-business-tax-reform-changes.html. Long, Heather. Not What We Expected: Trumps Tax Bill Is Losing Popularity. The Washington Post, WP Company, 29 June 2018, www.washingtonpost.com/amphtml/news/wonk/wp/2018/06/29/not-what-we-expected-trumps-tax-bill-is-losing-popularity/. Mitchell, Daniel. Lowering Marginal Tax Rates: The Key to Pro-Growth Tax Relief. The Heritage Foundation, www.heritage.org/taxes/report/lowering-marginal-tax-rates-the-key-pro-growth-tax-relief. Rotunda, Ronald D. Lowering Marginal Tax Rates to Improve the Economy. Verdict Comments, 21 May 2017, www.verdict.justia.com/2017/05/22/lowering-marginal-tax-rates-improve-economy. Tax Foundation. Full Details and Analysis: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Tax Foundation, Tax Foundation, 26 July 2018, www.taxfoundation.org/final-tax-cuts-and-jobs-act-details-analysis/. Weigel, David. Democrats Build Case against Tax Bill but Dont Call for Repeal. The Washington Post, WP Company, 26 Dec. 2017, www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2017/12/26/democrats-build-case-against-tax-bill-but-dont-call-for-repeal/?utm_term=.43924fd51d3b.

Resilience Is An Essential Quality - 1516 Words

INTRODUCTION Nursing students experience enormous stress to meet the professional demands [1]. Considerably, resilience is an essential quality that equips them to meet this demand [2]. According to the American Psychological Association [2014], resilience can be defined as, â€Å"the process of adapting well in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats or even significant sources of stress.† It was reported in nursing students that they experience moderate to high level of perceived stress and this is negatively associated with resilience [3]. Moreover, resilience plays an important role in the retention of students in the academic program [4], and has a positive correlation with their academic success [5]. This helps them to cope effectively with adversities in a clinical setting [6]. However, resilience is considered as an innate personal resource [7], this is dynamic in nature [8]. Thus growing body of literature recognizes the importance of resilience in nursing profession [9]. It is also worth noting a significant positive correlation between resilience and mindfulness [10]. Mindfulness is being aware of the present moment to one’s own experiences [11]. Being mindful helps to cope with stressors [12], and resilience is considered as a measure of stress coping ability. Thus, both resilience and mindfulness play an important role in combating stress. Consequently, stress causes detrimental effects and many studies have reported stress factor increases the risk ofShow MoreRelatedThe Between Groups Design And The Cross Sectional Design Essay1144 Words   |  5 Pagesand 39, and the majority were females and Caucasians. The average age was about 21 years old. The measurements used were the Social Rhythm Metric, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Beck Depression Inventory, Second Edition. The PSQI was used to measure perceived sleep quality within the past month. Once the Sleep Quality Index was obtained, the participants were categorized as good sleepers (5) based on scale ranging from 0 to 19. The SRM was used to assess social rhythms. The overall activitiesRead MoreThe Qualities Of Medical Students1562 Words   |  7 PagesStudies have shown that the behaviour and attitudes of undergraduates are often translated into postgraduate practices. Therefore the qualities that medical students possess and develop throughout their degree will also be essential for their professional career. Attributes such as probity, resilience and conscientiousness are vital in obtaining good relationships with patients and colleagues, withstanding emotional pressures and providing the best care for patients. The General Medical CouncilRead MoreThe Roots Of Physician Well Being1497 Words   |  6 Pageswell-being are formed early. While medical school lays a firm foundation for the essential knowledge physicians must posses, it should also inculcate and promote the ideal characteristics of compassion, integrity, empathy, professionalism, and commitment to service and life long learning.†1 Doctors are people of great power, but with great power comes great responsibility. Such responsibilities and certain qualities that medical students must present are outlined by a major regulating body of medicalRead MoreNurses Should Not Service Excellence Without Compromising Their Welfare1404 Words   |  6 Pagesrole in the quality and safe delivery of patient care. They have the major responsibility for the development, implementation and continuous practice of policies and procedures of an organisation. However, nurses should deliver service excellence without compromising their welfare. C ompassion fatigue (CF) experienced by nurses possessed major risk factors for poor quality of care. It is important for health care providers and employers to identify early signs of CF. It is also essential that caregiversRead MoreOrganizational Resilience Essay1226 Words   |  5 Pagesgreater exposed to external changes as they have to work with many different people. Today workers have more discretionary power and are allowed to make independent decisions during the course of their work. This is essential part of meeting clients’ expectations and ensuring quality of the service. Understandably, the requirement of assuming greater responsibility through making key decisions is an additional source of pressure upon the workers. One thing all successful employees have to share isRead MoreEssential Operations Of Information Systems1487 Words   |  6 PagesThe essential operations of information systems sustained by of critical infrastructure rely on the explicit functionality of software applications supporting complex, interdependent, information systems. The software application provides the virtual framework for information systems to operate efficiently in a critical infrastructure. Information systems consistently communicate with supplementary information systems positioned throughout the network to support the infrastructure’s essential operationsRead MorePromoting Resilience in Nursing1487 Words   |  6 PagesPromoting Resilience Resilience is defined as a person’s ability to weather adversity and come out of it with a stronger ability to deal with the next challenge (Mosby’s Medical Dictionary, n.d.). Resilience can be noted as a trait within an individual as well as a process through which a person undergoes during adversity (Jacelon, 1997). Measuring resilience can be done by assessing certain qualities within an individual and asking questions to elicit better understanding of their current psychologicalRead MoreThe Importance Of Resilience For Healthcare Consumers And Health Professionals1473 Words   |  6 PagesDiscuss the concept of resilience, including factors that contribute to resilience for healthcare consumers and health professionals The concept of resilience can be defined in numerous ways within the healthcare sector. This makes it challenging to identify precisely however the one thing that can be agreed on is that it is characterised by the ability to adapt and spring back from adversity. Internal and external factors including life experience can reinforce or hinder the development of an individual’sRead MoreCompassion Fatigue : Nurse, Self Care1623 Words   |  7 Pagesself-care ; resilience Nursing is recognized as an occupation that is under stress on both professional and personal levels. In recent years, increasing amount of nursing disputes cause the shortage of nurses currently threatens health care globally. One of the reasons of this shortage is that nurses experience high levels of stress and work load in acute care settings. The purpose of this assignment is to review ‘compassion fatigue’ in nursing and discuss the solutions of increasing resilience by nurses’Read MoreThe Relationships Among Academic Attitudes, Psychological Attitudes And The First Semester Academic Achievement Of First Year College Students1737 Words   |  7 Pagesmotivation, self-efficacy, resilience, race, and attitudes toward the university and (b) what is the relationship between academic motivation and resilience, self-efficacy, and attitudes toward the university?† (p. 178). In other words, academic achievement is planned to be correlated with motivation and o ther factors that contribute to or inhibit academic success of students, while academic motivation is planned to be explained via drawing correlation between it and â€Å"resilience, self-efficacy, and attitudes

Handmaids Tale - Power and Control - 1210 Words

‘How is Gilead presented as a place of power and control in the opening chapters of The Handmaid’s Tale?’ The Republic of Gilead is the fictional country which Margaret Atwood chose as the setting for her dystopian novel, The Handmaid’s Tale. We can infer from the first chapter that Gilead is within the borders of the USA from the fact that ‘old’ blankets still said US: this hints that some sort of major catastrophe has occurred before the time of the novel to change this. The first few chapters suggest a lot about the setting, and also how the transition of the country from being the United States of America to the Republic of Gilead may not have been a particularly positive one. The novel of The Handmaid’s Tale is based on the†¦show more content†¦The different uniforms worn within Gilead are another example of the state using the power they have to control their citizens. All women in the Republic are defined by the colour of their uniforms. These uniforms remove all individuality from particularly the submissive women, as well as camouflaging all signs of shape and figure. Gilead sees women’s sexuality as dangerous, which is why the uniforms they have prescribed are so concealing and unflattering. When Offred walks by the young Guardians, she moves her hips when she senses them watching her, and then states her hope that ‘they get hard’ as a result of her doing this. This shows how she feels that her ability to inspire sexual attraction, despite her uniform is the only power she herself retains. Fear is obviously used in Gilead as the main form of control, made clear by the fact that there are ‘men with machine guns in the pillboxes on either side of road’ – this indicates how strict the rules within the country are, and how severe the consequences are if you break them. The Guardians’ sexual desire is controlled by the idea of the ‘floodlights going on, the rifle shots’ which illustrates the extent of the power the state has over them – they have not yet earned the right to a women, therefore would be totally sex-starved as masturbation is a sin and porn is forbidden. The only hope for them of this changing is if they were promoted to AngelShow MoreRelatedHandmaids tale1446 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Marlyn Barroso ETS 192 October 3rd, 2013 Hierarchy in The HandMaid s Tale Margaret Atwood s The Handmaid s Tale is a interesting novel that will have you confused but also have you bitting your nails with intrigue. So many questions might go in your head, at the same time; Atwood wrote this novel so her readers can have curiosity, even after reading the last word of the last paragraph of the last page of the book. One of the main topics of this novel is the effect on society when aRead MoreMargaret Atwood s The Handmaid s Tale Essay1724 Words   |  7 PagesThe Handmaid’s Tale women’s bodies are used as political instruments. Because if the harmful pollution in the United States, a new Constitution has been made to address and correct the decline in birth rates. To do this the government has created Handmaids. Handmaids â€Å"are placed in the households of [army] Commanders whose Wives can no longer bear† babies anymore (Cameron 299). The future of the Republic of Gilead depends on the Handmaids ability to have a baby. The Ha ndmaids are kept underRead MoreThe Handmaids Tale By Margaret Atwood And Catching Fire By Suzanne Collins1522 Words   |  7 Pagesenvironmentally degraded one† (www.oxforddictionaries.com).The text, The Handmaids Tale by Margaret Atwood and Catching Fire by Suzanne Collins deal with the main idea of societal restraint. Both authors portray a protagonist who is living in a totalitarian society. The protagonists in both novels have harsh limitations which they must abide to. The authors use setting, oppression, and symbolism as restraint for societal control. Setting is a demonstration of restraint because in both novels the city/districtRead MoreIs Today s Society Becoming A Dystopian World?1313 Words   |  6 Pagesa dystopian world? Both the novels 1984 by George Orwell and The Handmaids Tale by Margaret Atwood provide warnings of how each author sees certain problems in society leading to dystopian states. Civilizations are forced to live by rules and for certain purposes to ensure the governments own goals and aspirations, but arise for different reasons. Atwood is concerned with political groups and aspects of feminism; The Handmaids Tale illustrates how declining birth rates could lead to a state whereRead MoreAbuse of Power in the Handmaids Tale1174 Words   |  5 PagesWithin the totalitarian society created by Margaret Atwood in the Handmaid’s Tale, there are many people and regimes centred around and reliant on the manipulation of power. The laws that are in place in the republic of Gilead are designed and implemented so as to control and restrict the rights and freedom of its inhabitants. In the republic of Gilead, there are many rules and restrictions within all levels of the community, wives, econowives, common men and handmaid’s included, which limit theRead MoreThe Handmaids Tale Essay968 Words   |  4 PagesAtwood’s ‘The Handmaids Tale’, we hear a transcribed account of one womans posting ‘Offred’ in the Republic of Gilead. A society based around Biblical philosophies as a way to validate inhumane state practises. In a society of declining birth rates, fertile women are chosen to become Handmaids, walking incubators, whose role in life is to reproduce for barren wives of commanders. Older women, gay men, and barren Handmaids are sent to the colonies to clean toxic waste. Fear is power. Fear is ever-presentRead MoreMargaret Atwood s The Handmaid Tale Essay1166 Words   |  5 Pagescertain amount of power and control of its citizens in order for a society to function properly. However, too much power and control in a society eliminates the freedom of the residents, forbidding them to live an ordinary life. In the dystopian futuristic novel, The Handmaids Tale, Margaret Atwood demonstrates the theme of power and control through an oppressive society called the Republic of Gilead. The government established power and control through the use of the wall, military control, the salvagingRead MoreEssay about The Handmaids Tale889 Words   |  4 PagesAtwood’s ‘The Handmaids Tale’, we hear a transcribed account of one womans posting ‘Offred’ in the Republic of Gilead. A society based around Biblical philosophies as a way to validate inhumane state practises. In a society of declining birth rates, fertile women are chosen to become Handmaids, walking incubators, whose role in life is to reproduce for barren wives of commanders. Older women, gay men, and barren Handmaids are sent to the colonies to clean toxic waste. Fear is power. Fear is ever-presentRead MoreThe Existence Of A Patriarchal Society1049 Words   |  5 PagesPatriarchal Society Throughout history, men have continued to hold the position of power and authority in society. Generally, men disregarded what women had to say and believed that women were incapable of making decisions on their own. Rather than creating a society, which established equal and fair power, the men wanted to control everyone including women. Some men even abused and manipulated women in order to get the power they desired. Men held more dominant positions in society and therefore had aRead More Margaret Atwoods The Handmaids Tale Essay1246 Words   |  5 PagesMargaret Atwoods The Handmaids Tale In The Handmaids Tale, Margaret Atwood tells a saddening story about a not-to-distant future where toxic chemicals and abuses of the human body have resulted in many men and women alike becoming sterile. The main character, Offred, gives a first person encounter about her subservient life as a handmaid in the Republic of Gilead, a republic formed after a bloody coup against the United States government. She and her fellow handmaids are fertile women that the

Essay on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - 1390 Words

Nutrition is a key component of an individual’s healthy well being. Many factors have a significant effect on nutrition and it is important to continuously maintain a balanced one. Having a good nutrition is one of the main defenses for an innumerous amount of illnesses and diseases that can harm the body. One would ask, â€Å"What is nutrition per say, and how do we maintain the balance of it?† Nutrition is defined as â€Å"the sum of the processes by which [a living thing] takes in and utilizes food substances.† (Merriam-Webster, 2011). It is the responsibility of each individual to assure the consumption of enough nutrients to nourish the body and to be cautious of harmful toxins. A child is dependent on their guardian on being taught how†¦show more content†¦The last important factor is how it affects the behavioral and social skills of the person and the different concerns it can evoke. The science behind FAS is quite simple; as it is known that alcohol has a damaging effect on the body, it has similar consequences on the fetus. Since the fetus is constantly developing, the alcohol causes more serious defects to the unborn child. Alcohol exposure to a fetus is known as a teratogen. â€Å"Teratogens are substances or conditions that disrupt typical development in offspring as a result of gestational exposure and cause birth defects.† (Wilson Fraser, 1977). Although the exposure to alcohol causes problems in the fetus, studies have shown that it may not accurately be the alcohol in the mother’s system that causes these defects, rather the byproducts that form when the body metabolizes the alcohol. This can lead to a decrease in brain cells, abnormal location of neurons, and gross malformation to the brain. Since alcohol causes this central nervous system damage, it is classified as a neurobehavioral teratogen, which is a group of teratogens that c ause brain damage and modify behaviors. (Riley Vorhees, 1986). The CNS damage is the primary defect due to alcohol and it is quite common to have these damages without any physical abnormalities. The more alcohol that is consumed the more birth defects that will arise in theShow MoreRelatedFetal Alcohol Syndrome942 Words   |  4 Pages Fetal Alcohol Syndrome According to Seaver, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is birth defects causing learning, and behavioral problems in individuals whose mothers drank alcohol during pregnancy. This disorder is very serious, yet it is recognized as one of the most preventable. This causes major issues, when something so serious could be prevented but is not. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is a problem because it leaves a permanent effect on the unborn child, but some solutions could be educating women andRead MoreFetal Alcohol Syndrome1466 Words   |  6 PagesFetal Alcohol Syndrome â€Å"If women didn’t drink anymore during pregnancy, there would never be another baby born with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or Fetal Alcohol Effect† (McCuen 33). This is a very powerful statement. It is also a very simple cure for an alarmingly high birth defect that all women have the power to stop. â€Å"Every year more than 40,000 American children are born with defects because their mother drank alcohol while pregnant â€Å" (McCuen 34). That is 1 to 3 per 1,000 live birthsRead MoreThe Disorder Of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome1018 Words   |  5 Pagesthe the disorder Fetal Alcohol Syndrome .This paper will aim to discuss what the disorder is ,it s history how it is diagnosed and the treatment and prevention of this disorder. Taking a sip a int hip Introduction :Behold, thou shalt conceive, and bear a son; and now drink no wine nor strong drink, neither eat any unclean thing(Bible-Judges 13:7).It has been known throughout history that the effects of alcohol use in pregnancyRead MoreFetal Alcohol Syndrome Essay1707 Words   |  7 Pagesof prenatal alcohol exposure (Lupton, 2003). This number will only continue to grow if the risk of drinking alcohol while pregnant is not brought to the people’s attention. When the mother takes a drink of alcohol, so does the fetus, which will cause physical and behavioral problems after birth. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is completely preventable and irreversible. FAS awareness and prevention is important; expectant mothers need to know the background information about the syndrome, some commonRead MoreFetal Alcohol Syndrome Essay1699 Words   |  7 PagesFetal Alcohol Syndrome Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is a condition affecting children born to women who drink heavily during pregnancy. There are three criteria used to describe the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and to make a diagnosis of FAS. The first of these is a pattern of facial anomalies, these features include: #61558; Small eye openings #61558; Flat cheekbones #61558; Flattened groove between nose and upper lip #61558; Thin upper lip These characteristicsRead MoreFetal Alcohol Syndrome Essay1096 Words   |  5 PagesFetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is a mental and physical birth defect. It occurs when a pregnant women consumes high levels of alcohol during her pregnancy. The effects of FAS can be traumatic in some cases, and in others children were slightly affected by exposure to alcohol. FAS has a wide range of effects on the fetus and infant, retarded growth, under developed facial features, slow cognitive development, and many more. The evidence of cases is overwhelming, yet in some societies it is still anRead MoreFetal Alcohol Syndrome Essay1522 Words   |  7 PagesFetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is a disorder that can happen to children whose mothers drank sufficient amounts of alcohol sometime throughout their pregnancy. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is a condition classified in a group called Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders, and is the most known and severe of the group. FAS, depending on the factors such as location, population and race studied is considered one of the leading known causes of mental retardation and birth defects, with 0.2 – 1.5 out of every 1Read MoreEssay on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome2703 Words   |  11 PagesFetal Alcohol Syndrome Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is a pattern of mental, physical, and behavioral defects that may develop in the unborn child when its mother drinks during pregnancy. These defects occur primarily during the first trimester when the teratogenic effects of the alcohol have the greatest effect on the developing organs. The symptoms associated with FAS have been observed for many centuries, but it was not until 1968 that Lemoine and his associates formally described theseRead MoreFetal Alcohol Syndrome Essay1100 Words   |  5 Pagesyou want your child to have FAS? Read on and I believe you will come to the same conclusion as I have about FAS. FAS doesn’t sound so bad, but in reality it is. FAS means Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. FAS is a combination of physical and mental defects first evident at a baby’s birth. FAS is a direct result of a woman drinking alcohol during pregnancy. These defects continue through out the child’s life. One in five hundred children are born with FAS. Your baby is at risk no matter how much liquor youRead MoreFetal Alcohol Syndrome Essay1727 Words   |  7 PagesFetal Alcohol Syndrome Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is an increasing problem in our world today. At least 5,000 infants are born each year with FAS, or about one out of every 750 live births, which is an alarming number. In the United States there has been a significant increase in the rate of infants born with FAS form 1 per 10,000 births in 1979 to 6.7 per 10,000 in 1993 (Chang, Wilikins-Haug, Berman, Goetz 1). In a report, Substance Abuse and the American Woman, sent out by the Center on Addiction

Differences in the Tragedies of Romeo and Juliet and...

Shakespeare is able to create new type of character that does not rely on the definition of hero in the classical tradition. He is able to create a multidimensional heroic disposition that allows his male characters to have intellect while also having physical strength. Shakespeare’s tragedies of Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet illustrate two very different conceptions of tragedy. Hamlet is a story about revenge, with a need for the truth to be reveled at all costs. Romeo and Juliet centers around innocence, soiled by prejudice of family conflict. The story surrounds the main characters, but the minor foils of each play give a deeper meaning to the actions of Romeo, Juliet and Hamlet. Benvolio and Tybalt are each trying to serve and protect†¦show more content†¦Put up thy sword,/ Or manage it to part these ment with me (Romeo and Juliet I.i.68-69). This quote shows that his main goal is to try and resolve the conflict through words and not violent actions, which is how he acts for the entirety of the play. He seeks to end the conflict in Verona. His trustful nature allows the Prince to believe him without question. In response to Benvolio’s peaceful nature, Tybalt is short-tempered and has an aggressive personality. Tybalt dismisses Benvolios statement of peace, saying, What, drawn and talk of peace? I hate the word/ As I hate hell, all Montagues, and thee (Romeo and Juliet I.i.71-72). This shows that Tybalt will not entertain the idea of peaceful negations when dealing with the enemy household. The pride that comes from his Capulet household fuels his vanity. Shakespeare has created two very different perceptions of the tragedy using these sets of foils. Hamlet’s fatal flaw is considered to be his inability to act. Hamlets reflective and cautious nature are his tragic flaw, and these characteristics ultimately lead to the tragic ending of the play. The play can therefore represent the positive and negative affects of indecisiveness. Laertes quick decisions to trust King Claudius and poison Hamlet leads to his own death. Unlike Hamlet he is not cautious and yet his demise is the same. Laertes foil, Horatio, is a cautious man who survives the play. Though itShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Othello And The English Language1649 Words   |  7 PagesPoet, playwright, actor and dramatist, William Shakespeare is one of the most influential and greatest writers up to this day in poetry and the English language. Known, for his many acclaimed works such as his famous plays, â€Å"Othello,† â€Å"King Lear,† and â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† etc. More than four hundred years have passed and William Shakespeare’s work still alive as if it was during the early ages of Shakespeare work. Shakespeare influenced ranges from literature, theater, films and even the English languageRead MoreLooking For Richard A Film By Al Pacino1251 Words   |  6 Pagesattitudes and those of your friends and family a bout Shakespeare. For your own answers, use Column A below. Enter number 1 if you strongly agree with the statement, 2 if you agree somewhat, 3 if you disagree somewhat, and 4 if you strongly disagree. Then ask two family members or friends what they think and record their responses in Columns B and C. Finally, after you have finished viewing and discussing the film, fill in Column D, noting the differences between your â€Å"before† and â€Å"after† responses. StatementRead MorePoe vs. Shakespeare Essay1556 Words   |  7 PagesThe Comparison of Edgar Allan Poe and William Shakespeare Brandi Greene University Composition and Communication I/COM155 May 9th, 2013 University of Phoenix The Comparison of Edgar Allan Poe and William Shakespeare Many have been inspired by the likes of Edgar Allen Poe and Shakespeare in literature but, there are similarities and differences between the two. Each author could lure their audiences by the characteristics of their writing. Their places in society alsoRead MoreThe Controversial Ending of King Lear by William Shakespeare Essays1580 Words   |  7 PagesThe Controversial Ending of King Lear by William Shakespeare Few Shakespearean plays have caused the controversy that is found with King Lear’s ending scenes. Othello kills himself, Macbeth is executed, and of course in hamlet, everyone dies. Lear, however, is different from other Shakespearean classics. Is Lear mad or lucid? Is Cordelia really dead? Is Edmund’s delay explainable? What is the nature of the Lear world that occasioned all of this? How does Knight’s thesis relate to the endingRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Influence On The Course Of World History1440 Words   |  6 PagesWaldo Emerson, a famous essayist inspired by Shakespeare’s works. William Shakespeare was a renowned author, poet, actor, and playwright. He has contributed to many components of life today such as; founding modern English language, contributing to literature, contributing to modern theater, and contributing many of his works to modern English. William Shakespeare has greatly impacted the course of world history. William Shakespeare was believed to be born on April 23,1564, in his hometown of Stratford-upon-AvonRead MoreTheme Of Tragedy In Shakespeares King Lear993 Words   |  4 PagesTragedy is one of the most common topics throughout literature. This theme can be found in many works of literature spanning from Biblical archives to more recent works in Blockbuster movies, and is commonly found in almost all societies today. The theme of tragedy is so universal that it is found in many of Shakespeare’s plays and poems (e.g. Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, and plenty of other works). In specific, tragedy is found in one of William Shakespeare’s most popular plays named King Lear. KingRead More The Politics of Contemporary Approaches to Shakespeare Essay3166 Words   |  13 PagesAbstract Postmodern performance of Shakespeare, particularity in film, is characterized by a subjective experience within the play not an objective experience from the play. Under postmodernism, Shakespeare undergoes theorizing, deconstruction, displacement or death of the author, textual criticism, and cultural and political relativism but fails to produce solid answers. Postmodern Shakepseare does not offer new meanings but new and more possibilities for contemplating meaning. This fails bothRead MoreFemale Characters Of William Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet2248 Words   |  9 PagesAbstract—Numerous characters appear in the works of England’s most prominent play writer, William Shakespeare. Most of the time, his male protagonists possess various and complex characteristics throughout the storyline of his work, making it interesting for the readers to analyze their actions in many different aspects. However, some critics argue that unlike male characters, Shakespeare’ s female characters are rather more flat and one-sided, pointing out that they are either the extreme versionRead MoreEssay on Family Trust in William Shakespeares Plays2426 Words   |  10 PagesFamily Trust in William Shakespeares Plays Family is meant to care for each other, love each other unconditionally, and support each other. Of course, as any holiday at home can prove, complete support is not always possible. Sometimes family members hurt each other and even, in worst-case scenarios, kill each other over issues as important as protecting another or as petty as fighting over a boy. In Shakespeare’s Othello, Macbeth, Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, King Lear, and The Winter’s TaleRead More Shakespeare the Plagiarist Essay1262 Words   |  6 PagesShakespeare the Plagiarist Shakespeare was a man of many accomplishments. Many were in his writings; others were in his great director and playwright skills. The play Hamlet is one of the most re-created and re-written books to date. Hamlet is still being performed in theaters around the world. Even though many people perceive Shakespeare as a literary genius, we can not give him sole credit for his plays and sonnets. With a few exceptions, Shakespeare did not invent the plots of his plays. Sometimes

Pharmacia Upjohn Case Study free essay sample

The dilemma that Monkiewicz faces is whether or not the increase in sales were due to the buzz marketing campaign they implemented the previous year or if other advertising and promotional campaigns were the sole reason for the increase in sales. In order to make a decision, Monkiewicz must analyze all parts of the advertising and promotional campaigns that they have previously used and decide which of these campaigns actually contributed to the sales increase and which campaigns didn’t. KAYEM FOODS, INC. Kayem Foods, Inc. as been around for almost a 100 years and is located in Chelsea, Massachusetts. The company has historically made its fortune from selling fresh delicatessen meats, hot dogs, and sausage. Annual sales, from the fiscal year ending February 28, 2004, were approximately $140 million. The majority of their sales came from meat products that were sold under several brand names, with the majority of the meat products being that of hot dogs. They have several brand names for which their products are sold and the most well-known brand is Kayem. There has been a continually rising market for sausage. Breakfast sausage has increased by 2 percent and dinner sausage has increased by 4 percent in 2003. This is why Kayem Foods, Inc. is desperately working to find a way to capture this rapidly growing market. Kayem Foods director of marketing, Matt Monkiewicz, feels that in order to adequately capture a significant portion of the market they must be willing to think outside the box and possibly implement non-traditional styles of advertising. Buzz marketing does exactly what Mr. Mankiewicz is looking for in his advertising campaign, which that they have used in the previous year and it has made them the number one-selling brand of chicken sausage, however, not all of the sales force at Kayem believes this increase in sales were due to Buzz marketing. Although Kayem has been able to substantially increase the sales of Al Fresco, they still have a lot of concerns pertaining to their profit margins. In the recent years supermarkets have been able to gain industry power, when it comes to dealing with manufacturers that supply them with products. The supermarkets now demand larger discounts and coupons for their customers. There is also a force keeping prices down due to the tense competition within the industry. In the past two years Kayem’s private label activity has been operating at break-even and co-packs have been operating below break-even. Obviously Kayem is in business to make money and not operate at break-even. They must use an aggressive advertising technique to get their profit margin back up. INSIGHTS TO BUZZ MARKETING You can sum up the definition of Buzz marketing in just 3 words,† word of mouth. Many companies have found this advertising approach to be very profitable and appealing to their bottom line. In today’s market, especially due to the rise of social networking, many companies depend on their current customers to help spread the word of their products. Buzz marketing helps companies build brand loyalty and awareness by building a personal relationship with their consumers. Many tim es consumers can be more easily persuaded towards purchasing a product when it is recommended from someone they know or trust and Buzz marketing does exactly that. Kayem Foods, Inc. previously used a company called Bzz Agent to implement their Buzz marketing campaign. Bzz Agent currently had 60,000 agents and these agents volunteered to try the products and then would use word of mouth techniques to get these products in the hands of their friends, acquaintances, and possibly strangers. Most of the Buzz agents actually enjoyed testing new products and then talking about them to their friends, they felt some type of satisfaction for being one of the â€Å"firsts† to discover the product. Bzz Agent also found that most of their agents advertised their products in all of the social networking settings, which also helps spread the word of the products. In recent years, marketing managers have found that product endorsements were more credible when it came from a friend or acquaintance. PLAN OF ACTION Mr. Monkiewicz must decide on which advertising campaign Al Fresco will use for next year. He must decide if they will usual traditional advertising like: television, radio, magazines, and billboards. Another option for his campaign could be Buzz marketing, which if he decided to use he must develop a better way to track the increase in sales that come from Buzz marketing. He may also decide to implement more than one style of advertising and possibly combine the different approaches together, however, Monkiewicz has only been granted a marketing budget of $185,000 so he must be fully aware of his choices. Some of his choices may also not be feasible because of their high cost. Since Monkiewicz was only allowed $185,000 for advertising campaign, he will not be able to choose the more expensive advertising options like television. What he felt appropriate options for his advertising campaign were Buzz marketing, magazines, and price-off coupons. Based off of the chart above, Better Homes and Gardens magazine will also not be an option. He is left with Buzz marketing, trade marketing, food and wine magazine, cooking light magazine, and price-off coupons. RECOMMENDED AL FRESCO MARKETING STRATEGY The efficiency of buzz marketing is undeniable, penetrating social networks and building personal relationships with consumers. With that being said, Matt Monkiewicz should choose to implement the Buzz marketing strategy for their advertising campaign. It is also a cheap option that has multiple benefits. In order to track the success of their Buzz marketing campaign he will just simply ask his Bzz agents to have the people they reach out to, for their product, fill out an online survey. This survey will ask questions like: will they continue to buy Al Fresco products, were they satisfied and if not, why? , and also if they were able to find their products at their local super market. Mr. Monkiewicz should combine his Buzz campaign with Trade marketing, with the combination of these two approaches he will surely get the word out there and it will help to build brand awareness. He can also use the remaining, [$185,000 ($75,000+$80,000) = $30,000], $30,000 for price-off coupons, which will further help to expand their portion of the target market. TARGET MARKET Al Fresco should keep the same target market as before. Their target market should be women that range in age from 25 to 45 years old. This is the best suitable target market for their product, considering that this is the most health conscious market out there. What Al Fresco should do, however, is use their advertising efforts to capture a larger portion of this market. MARKETING MIX Product Strategy – Al Fresco should keep their product of chicken sausage and their current flavors. Price Strategy – One thing that Al Fresco must do is not discount their products as much. We know that the sales force for Al Fresco thought the primary reason for becoming the number one selling product of chicken sausages was because of constant discounts they were giving away to the supermarkets. If Al Fresco can cut down on their discounts and they can continue to capture the majority of the market then they will be able to see how effective their Buzz marketing campaign was. Distribution Strategy – The current distribution strategy implemented by Al Fresco has proven to be successful so they should continue to use the same strategy, â€Å"If it’s not broken, don’t fix it. † Advertising and Promotion Strategy – Al Fresco will use the combination of trade marketing, price-off coupons, and Buzz marketing for their advertising campaign. If they can effectively implement these low cost advertising approaches then they should be able to gain back some of their profit margin that they have been so concerned about in the past couple years.

Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce

Question: Describe about the Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce? Answer: Introduction Tsai et al. (2010) cited that manufacturing industry is one of the major contributors towards increasing the global economy in these modern days. Therefore, majority of companies in the care manufacturing industry expands their business largely as well as remove the geographical barriers. BMW is one of the most popular and luxury brand in car manufacturing industry. However, in order to maintain the overall process smoothly and implement automatic result generation process, companies in car manufacturing industry implement ERP system. It not only helps in developing automatic result generation process but also allows the company in monitoring as well as regular interaction with the stakeholders through one system. However, in terms of operating ERP system within the business process, companies faces many challenges such as appropriate training, lack of support from senior management, compatibility issues and costs overheads. Ifinedo (2011) argued that in order to run the organization and become an organization of successful implementation of ERP, appropriate training to the staffs not only during the ERP implementation process but also after implementation of ERP system. This particular research work is taken in terms of accounting the ERP implementation related problems in the car manufacturing industry with a specific case study of BMW. However, this research work tries to understand the impact of appropriate training to the staffs during and after ERP implementation within operational process BMW. The rationale behind selection of this particular problem in relation to IT programme is to understand the reason or the way why majority of companies does not execute the ERP system properly after implementation within their organizational process by the third party vendor. According to Al-Mobaideen (2014), in order to result out the solution of major problems regarding IT programme that may faces by the companies, selection of one particular industry may considers the influential understanding that helps in providing better solution for successful implementation of ERP system. Research Aim And Objectives The main aim of this research is to evaluate the impact of appropriate training process to the staff during and after implementation of ERP system in the car manufacturing industry that specifically emphasizing on the case study of BMW. Following are the objectives of this research To identify the effectiveness of proper training during and after implementation of ERP system in business process To understand the impact of proper training in ERP implementation in the Car Manufacturing Industry To evaluate the impact of appropriate training on ERP implementation in the organizational process of BMW Hypothesis Of The Research Null Hypothesis H0: Appropriate training has not any impact on the successful ERP implementation in the Car Manufacturing Industry especially in the operational process of BMW Alternative Hypothesis H1: Appropriate training has potential impact on the successful ERP implementation in the Car Manufacturing Industry especially in the operational process of BMW Research Strategy In order to complement the research, survey questionnaires strategy is taken by the researcher. Through the set of several questions that relates with the essentiality of appropriate training in ERP implementation, the data are collected from employee as well as management of the company BMW. Apart from that, using the qualitative approach and descriptive research method, the entire research is conducted. In order to complete the research following variables are considers such as Need Analysis: It helps in considering the activity of training as well as the history of training in the ERP implementation process of car manufacturing industry. This variables considers that appropriate training is very essential in terms of implementing successful ERP system in operational process. Exercise Selection: In the training process of ERP system, it deals with the selected exercise such as software handling training, minor problems solving, proper use of the application, etc. These core exercises the proximity of appropriate training. Training Frequency: It refers the number of training session within a given period of time. Exercise Order: During training session, it involves with the sequence of exercise. Training Repetitions: In the training process of ERP system during and after implementation, it refers the amount of providing guideline to the staffs. Rest Intervals: During training session, it refers the amount of time regarding rest between exercises. Data Issues The main issue that relates with data regarding this research is the bias information or false information. As the data are collected from both management and staffs, they may not provide appropriate information to the researcher on order to maintain company reputation and job security. Statistical Procedures In order to represent the information, researcher uses mean, media, mode and standard deviation. Apart from that, in order to analysis the statistics, researcher uses the statistical regression analysis model. It helps in representing the data that are collected from the employee and manager of BMW with a appropriate analytic methods. Descriptive Statistics Options (1 = low; 5 = high) N Mean Std. Deviation Min Max Need Analysis Selection of particular area of training 40 4.28 0.68 3 5 Identification of gaps on the training 40 4.10 0.67 3 5 Method Selection Specificity of training 40 3.08 1.13 1 5 Essentiality of training 40 3.23 1.08 1 5 Training Frequency Resistance of training 40 2.13 0.33 2 3 Respiratory of training 40 1.75 0.44 1 2 Equipment Order Involvement of sequence of Training 40 4.28 0.68 3 5 Training staffs are helpful 40 3.08 0.80 2 5 Provide relevant training 40 4.08 0.73 3 5 The Vendor clean and comfortable facilities regarding training 40 3.00 0.55 2 4 The vendor maintain stick of necessary materials 40 3.48 0.75 2 4 Training Repetitions Number of training guideline 40 3.05 0.75 1 5 Dependency of training towards goal of the program 40 2.95 1.13 1 4 Post Training Support for critical problems 40 2.78 1.00 1 4 Maintain database of ERP system 40 2.60 0.84 1 5 Continuous interaction between vendor the company 40 4.90 0.30 4 5 Definition and explanation of Descriptive statistics In this research study, research has been used the descriptive statistics that are standard deviation (measurement of desperations), mean (measurement of central tendency), max value as well as min value. However, researcher used this descriptive statistics for reviewing the entire data that support the result. Inferential Statistics In order to conduct the inferential statistics, researcher is selected the regression analysis model. The dependent variable for regression analysis is effectiveness of appropriate training. The independent variables for this study are the need analysis, method section, training frequency and post training. These are the major independent variables for this study. Following is the inferential statistics for this particular study Impact of appropriate training on successful IT programme = I + X1 * Need Analysis + X2 * Method Selection + X3 * Training Frequency + X4 * Post Training + e I = Intercept of the Model X1 = Coefficient of Need Analysis X2 = Coefficient of Method Selection X3 = Coefficient of Training Frequency X4 = Coefficient of Post Training E = error term Data Collection Data is very much useful that helps in better analyzing of data. Collection of data is helpful that derives the accurate result in terms of enabling standard format for the research work. Data source Al-Mobaideen (2014) acknowledged that source of data helps in penetrating the research work as well as extracting relevant information according to the requirements. In order to conduct the research study, two types of data sources are mainly used primary and secondary. Primary data are mainly collected from the selected respondents through survey questionnaires. On the other hand, secondary data are collected from the external sources that are already published such as journals, books, news, articles, blogs, websites, etc. However, in order to complete this study, researcher used both primary as well as secondary data. Primary data are collected from the employees and management of the BMW company through survey questionnaires and secondary data are collected from the journals, books, and websites. Data Techniques: In order to collect data, two types of data collection are mainly used such as qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative data collection technique helps in recording the data in a narrative form and allows the researcher in better analyzing as well as describing of the selected research topic. On the other hand, quantitative data collection techniques allow helps in adding more value on the theoretical concept. In this particular research study, researcher is using qualitative as well as quantitative data collection techniques for developing the research study with better analytical way. Employees are considers as the quantitative research technique and management of the BMW are considers as the qualitative research technique. Analysis Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.62 R Square 0.40 Adjusted R Square 0.33 Standard Error 0.55 Observations 40 Table 2: Regression Analysis Model ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 4 6.92 2.30 7.79 0.03 Residual 35 10.60 0.32 Total 39 17.6 Table 3: ANOVA Model Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 2.82 1.47 1.93 0.07 -0.18 5.84 -0.19 5.80 Need Analysis 0.32 0.35 0.86 0.40 -0.42 1.10 -0.42 1.11 Method Selection 0.70 0.21 -3.80 0.01 -1.09 -0.32 -1.15 -0.30 Post Training 0.60 0.12 4.36 0.06 0.32 1.01 0.33 1.09 Training Frequency 0.61 0.10 3.26 0.03 0.30 0.96 0.10 1.22 Interpretation In order to confirm the statistical test that closely relates with the hypothesis of this particular study, researcher used the regression analysis model. In order to better analysis of this particular research study, researcher used the multiple regression analysis models. Researcher used the impact of appropriate training during and after implementation of ERP in the operational process of BMW as the independent variables for regression analysis and need analysis, method selection, training frequency, as well as post training are used as the dependent variables. According to the regression analysis model, it has been seen that the value of the R square is 0.40. Apart from that, it has been also seen that adjust R square as well as the standard E square also positive. Therefore, from the above analysis report, it can be said that the need analysis, method selection, training frequency and the post training are correlated with each other and its has positive effect on the training. The regression analysis demonstrates the appropriate training has positive impact on the IT programme success. Therefore, regression equation for this particular analysis is Y = I+ X1 *1 + X2*2 + X3*3 +X4*4 Here, Y stands for the impact of appropriate training on project success I = 2.82 X1 = 0.32 X2 = 0.70 X3 = 0.60 X4 = 0.61 So, the regression equation is Impact of appropriate training on successful IT programme = 2.82 + 0.32 * Need Analysis + 0.70* Method Selection + 0.60 * Training Frequency + 0.61 * Post Training Critical Success Factors Of Implementation Of Enterprise Resource Planning (Erp) In this particular research study, researcher analyses the various critical success factors in terms of implementing the ERP system within operational process of the business organization (Shatat and Udin, 2013). According to the author of this research paper, ERP dramatically changed the organization process such as improve performance, increase the capacity of work load, increase skills of staffs, improve profitability, etc. In this particular research, the analysts represented that clear understanding of the organizational goals and training to the staffs during the implementation as well as after implementation are the most critical success factors of ERP system implementation. Through analysis, researcher of this study represented that inadequate training and education is the key reason that make the system failures and unable to execute the appropriate performance. Apart from that, technical difficulties are also the reason of failure (Ifinedo, 2011). In major cases it has been identified that bugs in the software application that installed for developing ERP system are the problems that interfacing with the system. It has also potential effects on the hardware difficulties. Therefore, this study, descried that in order to implement the ERP system successfully within the operational level of the companies in business industry especially in the car manufacturing industry appropriate selection of software application and training especially the software related is the key aspects. Critical Success Factors Of Erp Implementation And Its Role As Well As Impact On Business Process Management The researcher of this study defined the effectiveness of ERP implementation on the business process management for the companies in corporate sector. However, several critical success factors have been identified in this particular research study, such as selection of appropriate application for ERP implementation, business process planning as well as reengineering, appropriate implementation of ERP system according to the business process, end user training during as well as after ERP implementation (Wang, Li and Yang, 2012). Apart from that, maintenance and support of third party vendor of ERP system implementation supported the successful implementation as well as creates potential impact on the business process management (Maditinos, Chatzoudes and Tsairidis, 2011). However, for the car manufacturing industry, end user training is the main aspects of successful ERP implementation. Majority of employees as well as management is unable to handle the application properly. Therefore, appropriate training is very much essential as well as effective for successful ERP system implementation in the business process. This particular research study, demonstrated that training to the whole department has to be retrained for successful ERP implementation Apart from that, vendor the ERP system implementation has to defined the job of each employee over the system specifically. Through scratch, they have to elaborate the role and responsibility of performing over the system. This helps in understanding the role and responsibility of the employees in order to handle the system. Critical Success Factors For Erp System Implementation That Fit With The Organization Since 1990, the ERP system brings revolution or change in the organizational process of business sector. The strategies of information system help in adopting application software packages that fit with the organizational process and mitigate the chronicle problems. ERP system also allowed the organization in reducing extra cost such as IT team engagement, rapid implementation (Shatat and Udin, 2013). Through this article, researcher described that manufacturing industry have multiple operational process. Therefore, they have to maintain the entire process one system. In this research paper, analyst described the training is the key success factors of ERP system implementation and its success. Training to the staffs allowed in using the ERP system properly. During as well as after implementation of ERP system training is essential to the staffs. Majority of employees in the manufacturing industry is unaware about the application process of ERP system. Therefore, lack of knowledge alw ays generates failure of the system. Training is very much important as well as essential in terms of successful ERP system implementation. Causes That Influence The Effectiveness Of Erp System Implementation The main purpose of this particular study was to demonstrate that training is the key factors that effects in the ERP system implementation within operational process of manufacturing industry. Through the process oriented approach, researcher designed the entire study and demonstrates the steps of effecting training to the ERP implementation system. Training during the implementation stage as well as post implementation stage is very much effective (Tsai et al., 2010). Through this article, researcher identified that end user training across the operational process s the key factors of successful ERP system implementation. Education is also the corner stone for successful ERP system implementation. Training to the end user usually emphasized the operational process as well as helps in understanding the concept of ERP system and its spirit. This research paper allows the researcher in creating a useful link as well as step between the training and successful ERP system implementation . New Research Area Future Scope Of The Study The main limitation of this particular is the time and budget. In order to conduct this research, researcher got little time. Therefore, researcher completes the study with less information that supports the study properly. Apart from that, due to low budget for conducting research paper, researcher does not emphasize the study with SPSS software. Therefore, researcher is unable to discuss properly the potential impact of training for successful ERP implementation. Moreover, researcher only conducts the study based on the information of BMW companys employees and Managers. However, there are number of car manufacturing companies present. Therefore, this topic has lot of scope of future work such as collect information from other car manufacturing companies may valuable or relevant with the case study. Reference List Al-Mobaideen, H. (2014). The Impact of Change Management on the Application Enterprise Resource Planning System (ERP) Effectiveness: Field Study in Jordan Bromine Company.jmr, 6(4), p.79. Ifinedo, P. (2011). Internal IT Knowledge and Expertise as Antecedents of ERP System Effectiveness: An Empirical Investigation.Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 21(1), pp.1-23. Maditinos, D., Chatzoudes, D. and Tsairidis, C. (2011). Factors affecting ERP system implementation effectiveness.Journal of Ent Info Management, 25(1), pp.60-78. Shatat, A. and Udin, Z. (2013). Factors affecting ERP system effectiveness in post-implementation stage within Malaysian manufacturing companies.IJBIS, 14(3), p.348. Tsai, W., Chen, S., Hwang, E. and Hsu, J. (2010). A Study of the Impact of Business Process on the ERP System Effectiveness.IJBM, 5(9). Wang, Y., Li, M. and Yang, X. (2012). The Design and Realization of ERP System for Staff Training.AMR, 472-475, pp.3425-3429.